Thursday, January 12, 2012

Essential Civil Structures of an Outdoor Substation


The following civil structures are necessary in a conventional outdoor substation:
§  Towers of incoming and outgoing transmission lines. These are generally located outside the substation boundary, adjacent to the substation.

§  Towers (columns) and beams (gantries) for supporting strain conductors, and flexible busbars. These are used for mounting isolators, surge arrestors and other equipment. Suitably; thereby eliminating additional separate foundations.
§  Toward and gantries for supporting rigid tubular busbars mounted on post insulators. These insulators are supported on horizontal beams (gantries).
§  Support structures for post insulators which support the tubular rigid busbars.
§  Support structures for mounting the substation equipment such as CTs, VTs, isolators, circuit breakers, etc.
§  Supporting structures for auxiliaries such as cooling water system, fire fighting system, etc.

The major items of the substation such as transformers and circuit breakers are usually mounted on reinforced cement concrete plinths at ground level.

 The structures and their foundations constitute a large proportion of substation costs. The design of structures is a significant factor in the substation design. The design, procurement and erection of structures need careful attention. The minimum clearances and other mechanical considerations of designing the civil structures of the substation are explained in details in different electrical codes like IEC and NEMA.

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